The Declaration of Independence Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The Declaration of Independence as the single most significant event (from 1450 to 1887) of The Declaration of Independence as the single most significant event (from 1450 to 1887) The United States of America is undoubtedly the most powerful and one of the most advanced countries in the world. It is obvious that this status was the result of taking on the status of an independent nation in 1776. A series of events and prior to this event had occurred with regard to America and subsequently the United States over the years. The paper is an essay thesis regarding the significance of the Declaration of Independence with a timeframe that lies between the years 1450 and 1887. Thesis statement: The Declaration of Independence is the most significant event that has happened in the history of the region and the nation and hence should not be given a lesser status as a fight for equal rights and justice. â€Å"Drafted by Thomas Jefferson between June 11 and June 28, 1776, the Declaration of Independence is at once the nations most cherished symbol of liberty and Jeffersons most enduring monument† (National Archives n. d)1.We will write a custom essay sample on The Declaration of Independence or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now A study of literature reveals that the fundamental principles embedded in the Declaration of Independence are the concepts of freedom, independence and interdependence (Armitage)2 are the components of liberty. This provides solid evidence of its significance as to being the most important of all American documents which includes all the concepts mentioned above. It is argued that the three concepts which form the foundation of the Declaration is extremely significant when compared to other events that occurred in the country. The article by Armitage provides examples of the three concepts as given below. The Declaration of Independence wanted the America to become a free and independent state, the freedom to indulge in all acts that a free nation state indulges in, have the legitimate authority to do so, and interdependence in the form of free trade and interaction with other nation states. As one author puts it, the Declaration of Independence was for independence and not for rights (Garry 2012)3. The author goes on to add that the founding fathers responsible for the Declaration were not sufficiently informed about the concepts of natural rights and hence the argument for independence and liberty. The Declaration of Independence and the wordings in the actual document had an influence in the eventual abolition of slavery in the country. For example, people and groups across the United States, especially in the North justified abolition on one of the central concepts of the Declaration.

Inclusion For Students With Disabilities - 834 Words

Inclusion Position Paper Valerie Simmons University of West Alabama SE 506 Dr. Nichols July 1, 2015 Inclusion in the classroom is a widely debated issue in education today. Inclusive education means that students with disabilities are supported in chronologically age appropriate general education classrooms in schools near their home. These students also receive the specialized instruction outlined by their individualized education programs (IEP s) within the context of the core curriculum and general class activities. Inclusion was developed to make sure students with disabilities go to school along with their neighbors and friends. These students are also receiving specifically designed instruction and support to achieve and succeed as learners. Is inclusion in the classroom beneficial for both general and special education students is the issue. I believe that there are positive and negatives about inclusion but overall it is beneficial for some students. The issue many parents and educators face is inclusion in the classroom the best for all students. Parents and educators have to work together to make the best decision for the student. They have to decide if inclusion in the classroom is the least restricted environment that the student can learn in. I believe special education students should be included in the regular classroom as long as it is beneficial for the students. I believe some special education students have disabilities that limit theirShow MoreRelatedInclusion Of Inclusion For Students With Disabilities Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesIt is imperative that inclusion techniques be implemented in the classroom. Studies and research show that implementing inclusion techniques in the classroom have immense positive impacts on all students. As a result of these findings there is a rise in legislation being passed that fosters inclusion on a broader scale. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply inclusion techniques from a young age in order to ensure the greatest success. In my opinion the application of inclusion technique’s in classroomsRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities2882 Words   |  12 Pages in the American Public School, is the move toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. The practice of inclusion came about as a â€Å"natural outgrowth of the Mainstreaming movement,† during the 1960 s (Fruchter). Inclusion is based on the â€Å"rights of the students and the social benefits† that they receive from being inRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities1075 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade Inclusion in special education has been a controversial topic among administration, teachers, and parents. Inclusion represents the belief that students with disabilities should be integrated into the general education classroom whether or not they cannot meet traditional curriculum standards. The purpose of the study is to examine the potential advantages and disadvantages of inclusion of students with disabilities into the general education classroom. The hypothesis is that students with disabilitiesRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities1252 Words   |  6 PagesI am extremely in favor of inclusion of students with disabilities. Inclusion can be defined as an option in which the education of a child is taken into consideration. For example, it involves the students with disabilities pursuing most or all of their education within an ordinary school setting with their other classmates that do not have disabilities. Inclusion has many objectives, but the most important objective of inclusion would definitely have to be in that it is a program that supportsRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities Essay1837 Words   |  8 Pagesmove toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. Inclusion is purported to be based on the rights of the students and the social benefits that they receive from being in a general education classroom. There are many who see this as a solution to the problem of how to best educate children with disabilities. Is includingRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Mental Disabilities1551 Words   |  7 Pagesis a term that expresses a commitment to teaching children with physical, mental, and learning disabilities in the classroom they would attend otherwise (to the greatest extent possible). In inclusive schools, support services are brought to the students as opposed to them leaving class to receive the help they require. This paper is going to focus on the inclusion of students with mental disabilities who are usually separated in special education classrooms. For parents and educators alike, theRead MoreInclusion For Students With Disabilities And Benefits For The Students Essay1987 Words   |  8 Pageshave inclusion in an early childhood classroom. There are benefits for the students with disabilities and benefits for the t ypically developed student. Not only are their benefits for the students, but teachers also benefit from inclusion in the classroom. Inclusion also shows diversity and shows the differences between peers. Teachers will have to differentiate their instruction and support the needs of all their students. Some people will believe there are too many concerns for inclusion in theRead MoreEssay on Inclusion of Students with Disabilities 2995 Words   |  12 Pagesschools are aiming to implement is inclusion in the classroom because of the benefits inclusion could bring. The implementation of inclusion is strongly connected by people’s attitudes whether they are positive or negative. However, while inclusion is being widely implemented, there is comparatively little data on its effectiveness. It may be that inclusion benefits some areas such as reading and social skills, more than it does others. In order for inclusion to be implemented properly it is importantRead MoreInclusion For Students With Learning Disabilities2259 Words   |  10 Pages 12 [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] 13 The Inclusion for Students with Learning Disabilities in Special Education Lehigh University Bowei Chen Many researches show that students with learning disabilities have a high rate of victimization. This paper gives few case studies about how elementary schools implement the policy and guidelines to inclusive the students with learning disabilities. The purposeRead MoreInclusion Of Special Needs For Students With Disabilities1173 Words   |  5 Pageseducation system to include students with disabilities, there has being an ongoing research topic of inclusion. Inclusion, in this area, means the full inclusion of students with special needs in the general education classroom. The research and the debates about the issue of whether or not there should be full inclusion of Special Education students in all general education classrooms in all public schools throughout the United States rages on. The number of students with special needs that are

Management Practice and Theory Knowledge Management

Question: Describe about the Management Practice and Theory for Knowledge Management. Answer: Introduction: Management is very essential part of an organization. An organization is considered to be successful if it has good managing team which is brought about by the people who manage the activities within the organization. Managing is essential in order to ensure proper coordination in between the people working in the organization. Since management becomes an indispensible part of an organization, the managerial task has been gaining significance and complexities too. People can gain financial success even without the proper theoretical knowledge in management. But it is always necessary to have basic idea of management in any association because it will always be productive in achieving the organizational goals and objectives more efficiently and effectively as well (Alexander 2013). Management abilities is very much significant in boosting an individual self esteem also , however managing abilities must not be confused with leadership because it is often mistaken to be bossy at times M anagement abilities promote excellence within the person himself/herself. Management is an art science of managing the activities of the people within an organization so as to ensure its proper functioning of the association. Body of the work: An organization might an issue which demand the attention of the managers , so we can say that in an organization mangers have a very vital role to play they are the ones who are responsible for the identification of the problem and then analyzing the issue and finally taking the remedial measures to solves those issues . Human resource management should be dependent upon the integration of the strategic human resource, assessment of the employees, proper communication in between the different sectors of the association. A manager has several characteristics whichdifferentiates him from a leader (Boylan 2013). A manager must be: A good motivator and a manager must have a vision, he must be enthusiastic, must have intelligence, must have self confidence, must be a good listener, and must be a good communicator. The ultimate goal of a manager is to attain organizational goals and objectives. Any organization has three basic duties which are required to be performed by the manager which includes the attainment of the goals of the organization in minimum expenses thereby gaining profits which results in a successful organization this is the prime function of the managers of the concerned association. The other important function is to look after the health and safety measures of all the staffs working in and out for the organization, then comes the maintenance and safety of the machineries of the organization, so only if these three fundamental duties are fulfilled by the managers an organization can be called successful (Bratton and Gold 2012). The fundamental function of a manager It can be integrated into five sub groups: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading, Controlling. It is known facts that management is the art of designing the environment where the individuals may be working in groups or individually achieve the objectives set forth by an organization efficiently and effectively. Planning is a forethought process where the managersparticularly plan for the organizational activities. It involves the formation of the effective plan, maintenance of that plan and also taking effective measures to execute those plans. Organizing involves creating intentional structure of roles forpeople to fill in the organization. In this process people are given tasks with the best of their abilities. Next is staffing which involves the filling of the employees in the organization which is brought about by identifying work force requirement, inventorying the available people, recruiting, selecting, appraising and promoting them. Leading is influencing the employees to work efficiently for organization. Controlli ng involves all the effective measures which are taken for maintaining the budget for expenses (Burke 2013). Also correcting the activities of the subordinates so as to ensure that the events conform to plans .Coordination is very important so as to maintain peace and harmony in the organization, so proper coordination in between different groups of employees working in different segment is very much essential for the overall success and accomplishment of the organizational targets. Now taking in view the goal of the managers we can say that the fundamental characteristics of a manager is to manage the activities within the organization keeping in mind all the factors which affect the profits margins, time , money , material ,personal dissatisfaction etc . Managers are charged with the responsibility of coordination amongst the groups for increasing the overall productivity with effectiveness meaning achievement of the activities (Cummings and Worley 2014). Manager is therefore a dynamic, life givingelement in every profit or nonprofit making institution. We can also say that performances o f the managers are largely held for an organization's success. The managers are grouped in hierarchy of authority to accomplish different tasks. 1) Top level mangers including the board of directors, president, vice president and CEO of the company 2) Middle level management includes the general managers, branch and department managers. 3) Lower level management involves the supervisors, section leads and others. Frederick Taylor and Henry Fayol theory: In this modern era women are nowadays playing a pivotal role in the organization and are also assigned with significant positions and authorities. As a result of fair employment laws ,equal income distribution the women have managed to climb up to the topmost managerial position ,however sexual discrimination have been unfair till now to the women. There have been theories which have been set for the management study. It involves variety of approach to the management analysis. Principles in management may be descriptive or predictive, they explain how variable are interdependent on each other. It also explains the understanding of what we experience (Foss and Knudsen 2013). First is the Frederick Taylor's theory, which started the modern management. He sought to overthrow the management by the ' rule of thumb' and emphasized on the fact that people should be assigned with duties in accordance with their skill and knowledge. Likewise, the managers should be given the task of science and performance, whereas the workers performing the labor, the load should be evenly shared between them which is best suited for them. He formulated science of work so as to replace the old rule of thumb, pay and reward method consequently resulted in accomplishment of the organizational goals ,work and responsibility to be divided equally in between the workers and management cooperating that is all we can say in a nutshell . Then comes the classical organizational theory school, it was formulated by the combination of the bureaucratic and administrative theory introduced by Max Weber and Henri Fayol respectively. Weber postulated that the western thoughts were changing from value oriented, traditional thinking to technocratic thinking, the organization was shifting to seek technical optimization at the expense of emotional content. The principles set by them were based upon ideal bureaucracy saying that an official jurisdictional areas, ordered firmly hierarchy of super and subordination management based on the written records, thorough training , official activity taking priority over other activities follows stable and knowable rules . Henry Fayol administrative theory focuses on the personal duties of management at a grainy level .In other words his work directed more towards the management layer (Hatch et al. 2013). It was based upon five principles. They are plan, organize, and forecast, command, coordinate. Forecasting and planning is the anticipation of the future events. Organize is the human and material development .Command is giving instructions to the people associated with the organizational goal , Coordination is employed to maintain the harmony , peace and balance in between the various sectors in the organization . Control refers to the controlling of all the activities within the organization in accordance with the rules and regulations set. There were fourteen administrative principles to be followed along with the five primary roles. These principles include specialization, authority with responsibility, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, remuneration of staffs , centralization , line of equity (Nicolini 2012) . Fayol believed that a personal effort and team dynamics were an integral part of an ideal organization. His principles have been in practice up till date, however we find that his principles of 'unity of command' and 'unity of direction' have violated the matrix management. Elton mayo and Hawthorne theory: The behavioral school which was started by scholar Elton Mayo which was the outcome of Hawthorne Works, Mayo disapproved Taylor's beliefs that the one best way dictated by science that could be obtained by the controlled experiment. He determined the effects of lighting on worker productivity. His studies is showing those factors which was considered, when Mayo was working with a group of females included rest breaks, no rest breaks or fewer working hours in a work day. When these factors changed, the overall productivity went up, ultimately it proved five significant things including work satisfaction, communications, positive management response , encouragement or motivation and lastly the working conditions . It also disapproved Taylor's employee self -interest and it also showed that large-scale experiments involving 20000 employees gave positive response like expression of acknowledgement and working environment. And lastly he denounced that the 'rabble hypotheses' saying that t he society is a horde of unorganized individuals acting in manner so as to secure his own self- interest (OConnor 2015). The newer concepts like group work, group dynamics, social system from Mayo works in the mid -1920's. Recently many theories have come up like the system theory,contingency theory, chaos theory, team building theory building theory. The system theory being the most basic theory, this theory is helpful to the man9agers of the organization to look into the matter with a broader prospective. It has also enabled them in recognizing and organizing system's various parts and events. In the contingency theory the managers takes into account all the factors and current situation of the organization before handling a particular situation. The chais theory which was advocated by Tom Peters , it was incorporated for handling the chaotic events in an organization, it suggested that systems naturally go to complexity and as they proceed they become more volatile in nature and therefore there should be more energy to be spend on tackling its complexity . They seek more stability. This fashion continues until the system splits. However, it needs a very effective manager to tackle the situation falling worse. Lastly, the team building theory also was based on working in groups which had several stages. It emphasized on the quality circles, best practices and continuous improvement (Shafritz et al. 2015). McGregor theory: Lastly, the Douglas McGregor formulated two pairs of assumptions having two sharply opposite concepts to explain the human behavior and management style for motivation. It includes the managerial actions for motivating organizational work force involving certain assumptions hypotheses relating human nature and behavior. Theory X is the traditional theory of human behavior and indicates conventional approach to the managerial motivation and control; it assumed that people are lazy, dislike of work, lack ambition, resistant to change, not intellectual and imaginative. Theory Y propounded by Douglas with the optimistic assumptions. These optimistic assumptions of theory Yconceives man himselfas an end and that the organization should provide means to achieve 'end'. It had several assumptions like people might desire to achieve, work may be natural play for them, ambitious, they are committed towards work and they may also accept organization's goals and objectives (Witzel and Warner 2013). The essentiality of any organization is manager ship. Management is actually like practice like other practices be it medicine, engineering, accountancy .Briefly it is an art of managing the issues in a situation which needs to be looked after. Manager ship is an attribute of business performances. In an organization, the effective management involves proper functioning of different teams working under the manager. Formation of group is similar to the human life cycle. Like a person takes birth, grows, matures and finally declines (Tengblad 2012). Therefore, it can be said that in the same way the team formation happens into five stages including: Forming stage, Storming stage, Norming stage, Performing stage, Adjourning stage Forming is the first and foremost step of group formation, during this there are uncertainties , and the group members are uncertain as to group's objectives and their attainment . Storming is clearly the stage where the group members have conflict amongst themselves due to the difference of opinions and they need to search for resolution to their disagreements and conflicts. Then comes the norming stage where this stage is characterized with close relationship in between the group members, group cohesiveness and camaraderie ,then follows the performing stage where the members of the group perform as a whole for the organization and this is the fourth stage of group formation. It is fully functional in nature ,followed by this is the adjourning stage which marks the disbanding of the group activities ,in this stage the groups are dissolved where some members feel melancholy for the group disbandment , wh ereas others are happy for the task accomplishment by the formed group (Williams 2013) . At last, we can sum up by saying that any organization has a goal to create a surplus and be productive in achieving the favorable gain ratio in a specified time period so management is all about exercising the principles set forth by the managers of the association Conclusion: Management is nothing but the exercise of the principles which is set by the managers of the organization. The various theories discussed above is about the management principles and the motivation of the employees which forms an integral part in the proper functioning of the organization. Different theories provided different concept about the leadership skills and the way manager should lead the team. The knowledge depicted from the theories would provide the manager with the insight in handling the organization. Reference: Alexander, K., 2013.Facilities management: theory and practice. Routledge. Boylan, P., 2013. Introduction to the theoretical and philosophical basis of modern management. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2012.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Burke, W.W., 2013.Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Foss, N.J. and Knudsen, C., 2013.Towards a competence theory of the firm(Vol. 2). Routledge. Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L., 2013.Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L., 2013.Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Nicolini, D., 2012.Practice theory, work, and organization: An introduction. Oxford university press. OConnor, E.S., 2015, October. Henri Fayol and the managerial point of view. InAnnales des Mines-Grer et comprendre(No. 3, pp. 93-95). FFE. Shafritz, J.M., Ott, J.S. and Jang, Y.S., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Tengblad, S., 2012.The work of managers: Towards a practice theory of management. Oxford University Press. Ulrich, H. and Probst, G. eds., 2012.Self-organization and management of social systems: Insights, promises, doubts, and questions(Vol. 26). Springer Science Business Media. Williams, C., 2013.Principles of management. South-Western Cengage Learning. Witzel, M. and Warner, M. eds., 2013.The oxford handbook of management theorists. OUP Oxford.

Is academic performance the best indicator of sucess in life free essay sample

The definition of success differs from person to person and field to field. One could take economics success as the ingredients to label a person successful in life. Others may look at it as a capacity to overcome challenges, irrespective of what someone ears and the nature of their private life. So who is a successful person and who is a failure? Do school choices and school grades provide way of predicting or ensure future success? If this is true should there be more emphasis on students to work hard and gain formal qualifications. But is this true? Aren’t some college drop-outs like Bill Gates and Richard Branson successful icons of success? And should we automatically consider the millions of young people who have not had the opportunity to gain academic certificates to be failures in life? First, success never depends on grades. If success was solely based on grades than employers and potential social partners would not ask for biodata and resumes. We will write a custom essay sample on Is academic performance the best indicator of sucess in life? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why would employers bother interviewing prospects in order to find out what they are like as people? They would just hire based on the best paper qualifications. Certain people do very well in school however they spend their lives in a prison facility. So qualifications alone are never enough to determine a guaranteed success. Success also depends on physical characteristics, personality and motivations. Secondly, success is not a grade or a degree, if that was the case then why aren’t all graduates from Mc Gill, Ottawa U and University of Toronto not all successful? The rule of success is hard work and destiny. If a student gets good grades but is not effective in relationship building, solving crisis, and proper planning even though he might be successful at acquiring a job his life could lack the basics like love, family, stability and healthy relationships? Thirdly, if you look at the directory of successful people who are doctors, engineers and computer professionals then you could notice that many of them would dream to be employed by success icons like Bill Gates and Mark Zuckenberg, who have had great success in the corperate world. Bill Gates  has not stepped a foot in higher education however he is a successful entrepreneur. Successful entrepreneurs even benefit from not having academic qualification as going to college forces people to learn and think alike. This environment makes it more difficult for people to develop their insights and creativity. Adding to these people with gifts in the arts or in sports are sometimes not able to explore their qualities fully through academics. In conclusion, I am not in the belief that academic qualifications ensures success in life because nothing is guaranteed, family and friends are more important then money and success never depends on grades. You could have a degree but there will always be someone with something better and you will be in a competition with them. Do you think academic performance is the best indicator of success in life?

Golden Eagle Facts

Golden Eagle Facts The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is a large diurnal bird of prey whose range extends across the Holarctic region (a region that encircles the Arctic and encompasses areas within the Northern Hemisphere such as North America, Europe, northern Africa, and northern Asia). The golden eagle is among the largest birds in North America. They are among the most popular of national emblems of the world (they are the national bird of Albania, Austria, Mexico, Germany, and Kazakhstan). Fast Facts: Golden Eagle Scientific Name: Aquila chrysaetosCommon Name(s): Golden eagleBasic Animal Group:  BirdSize: 2.5 to 3 feet tall, a wingspan of 6.2 to 7.4 feet  Weight: 7.9 to 14.5 pounds  Lifespan: 30 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  Mexico through western North America to Alaska with occasional appearances in the east; Asia, northern Africa, and Europe.Population:  Global breeding population is 300,000Conservation  Status:  Least Concern Description Golden eagles have powerful talons and a strong, hooked bill. Their plumage is mostly dark brown. Adults have a shiny, golden swatch of feathers on their crown, ​nape, and sides of their face. They have dark brown eyes and long, broad wings, Their tail is a lighter, grayish brown as are the undersides of their wings. Young golden eagles have white patches located at the base of their tail as well as on their wings.   When viewed in profile, golden eagles heads appear  relatively small while the tail seems quite long and broad. Their legs are feathered their full length, all the way to their toes. Golden eagles either occur as solitary birds or are found in pairs. Anton Petrus/Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Golden eagles inhabit a wide range that stretches throughout the Northern Hemisphere and includes North America, Europe, northern Africa and the northern parts of Asia. In the United States, they are more common in the western half of the country and are only rarely spotted in the eastern states. Golden eagles prefer open or partially open habitats such as tundra, grasslands, sparse woodlands, scrublands and coniferous forests. They generally inhabit mountainous regions up to 12,000 feet in elevation. They also inhabit canyon lands, cliffs, and bluffs. They nest on cliffs and in rocky outcrops in grasslands, shrublands, and other similar habitats. They avoid urban and suburban areas and do not inhabit dense forests. Golden eagles migrate short to medium distances. Those that breed in the far northerly regions of their range migrate further southward during the winter than those that inhabit lower latitudes. Where climates are milder during the winter, golden eagles are year-round residents. Diet and Behavior Golden eagles feed on a variety of mammal prey such as rabbits, hares, ground squirrels, marmots, pronghorn, coyotes, foxes, deer, mountain goats, and ibex. They are capable of killing large animal prey but usually feed on relatively small mammals. They also eat reptiles, fish, birds or carrion if other prey is scarce. During the breeding season, pairs of golden eagles will hunt cooperatively when pursuing agile prey such as jackrabbits. Golden eagles are agile avian predators that can dive at impressive speeds (as much as 200 miles per hour). They dive not only to catch prey but also in territorial and courtship displays as well as regular flight patterns. Reproduction and Offspring Golden eagles construct nests out of sticks, vegetation and other materials such as bones and antlers. They line their nests with softer materials such as grasses, bark, mosses or leaves. Golden eagles often maintain and reuse their nests over the course of several years. Nests are usually positioned on cliffs but are also sometimes located in trees, on the ground or on high man-made structures (observation towers, nesting platforms, electrical towers). The nests are large and deep, sometimes as much as 6 feet wide and 2 feet high. They lay between 1 and 3 eggs per clutch and eggs incubate for about 45 days. After hatching, young remain in the next for about 81 days. W. Perry Conway/Getty Images Conservation Status There are large and stable populations of golden eagles in multiple locations around the world, and thus the species has a status of Least Concern. Much of the reason for their success is the result of conservation projects to protect both the birds and their habitats. The golden eagle has been a federally protected species since 1962, and several international groups dedicate themselves to the welfare of golden eagles and eagles in general. Bald or Golden Eagle? Juvenile bald eagles look very similar to golden eagles. They are about the same size with a similar wingspan, and, until bald eagles reach about a year of age, they have the same brown feathers covering their entire bodies. Juvenile bald eagles do have mottled underbellies, and they dont shine in the same way that golden eagles do- but its tough to spot these differences in a bird in flight. Its not until after their first year of life that bald eagles start to show their distinctive areas of white plumage. Because of this similarity, its common for birders (especially in the eastern part of the United States) to believe theyve spotted a golden eagle when theyve actually seen a juvenile (and more common) bald eagle. Sources â€Å"Golden Eagle.†Ã‚  National Geographic, 24 Sept. 2018, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/g/golden-eagle/.â€Å"Golden Eagle.†Ã‚  San Diego Zoo Global Animals and Plants, animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/golden-eagle.â€Å"Golden Eagle Demographics.†Ã‚  American Eagle Foundation, www.eagles.org/what-we-do/educate/learn-about-eagles/golden-eagle-demographics/#toggle-id-2.â€Å"Is That Golden Eagle Actually a Bald Eagle?†Ã‚  Audubon, 3 July 2018, www.audubon.org/news/is-golden-eagle-actually-bald-eagle.

Performance Based Pay for Teachers

Performance Based Pay for Teachers Performance-based pay for teachers, or merit pay, is a trending educational topic. Teachers pay, in general, is often highly debated. Performance-based pay ties teaching components such as standardized test scores and teacher evaluations to a salary schedule. Performance-based pay originated from a corporate model that bases a teachers salary on job performance. Higher performing teachers receive more compensation, while lower performing teachers receive less. The Denver, Colorado school district may have the most successful performance-based pay program in the nation. The program, called ProComp, is seen as a national model for performance-based pay. ProComp was designed to impact critical issues such as student achievement, teacher retention, and teacher recruitment positively. The program has been credited with boosting those areas, but it does have its critics. Performance-based pay will likely continue to increase in popularity over the next decade. Like any educational reform issue, there are two sides to the argument. Here, we examine the pros and cons of performance-based pay for teachers. Pros Motivates Teachers to Make Improvements in the Classroom Performance-based pay systems offer teachers a reward based on meeting set performance measures typically tied to student performance. These measures are based on educational research and are a set of best practices intended to boost overall student outcomes. Many of the best teachers are already doing a lot of these things in their classrooms. With performance-based pay, they may be asked to take it a little above what they normally do, or it may motivate low performing teachers to get their acts together to receive their bonus. Provides Teachers With the Opportunity to Receive a Higher Salary People typically do not become teachers because of the salary. But, it doesnt mean that they do not want or need more money. Sadly, a relatively large number of teachers across the country are picking up a second job to keep their family afloat financially. Performance-based pay not only provides teachers with an option to make more money but also motivates them to meet targeted objectives while doing so. It is a win, win situation both for the teacher and their students. The teacher makes more money, and in turn, their students get a better education. Invites Competition Thus Raising Student Performance Performance-based pay creates competition among teachers. The better their students perform, the more money theyll receive. Higher outcomes translate to higher pay. Teachers are often competitive by nature. They want their fellow teachers to be successful. But, they also want to be more successful then them. Healthy competition pushes teachers to become better, which in turn boost student learning. Everyone wins when the best teachers work hard to stay at the top, and mediocre teachers work hard to improve enough to be considered one the best. Allows Bad Teachers to Be Removed Easier Many performance-based pay systems include components which enable principals to terminate teachers who continuously fail to meet goals and objectives. Most teacher unions adamantly opposed performance-based pay because of this element. Standard teacher contracts make it difficult to terminate employment, but a performance-based pay contract makes it easier to remove a bad teacher. Teachers who are unable to get the job done are replaced by another teacher who may be able to get things on track. Aids in Teacher Recruitment and Retention Performance-based pay can be an attractive incentive especially for young teachers who have a lot to offer. The opportunity for higher pay is often too compelling to pass up. To passionate teachers, the extra work is worth the higher salary. Also, schools offering performance-based compensation typically have no problems attracting top teaching talent. The pool is usually bottomless, so they can get quality teachers from the beginning. They also keep their good teachers. The best teachers are easy to retain because they are well respected and likely will not receive a higher salary elsewhere. Cons Encourages Teachers to Teach to Standardized Tests A large part of the performance-based pay objectives rests in standardized test scores. Teachers across the nation are already feeling the pressure to abandon creativity and originality and instead to teach to the tests. Attaching an increase in pay only amplifies that situation. Standardized testing is all the rage in public education, and performance-based pay just adds fuel to the fire. Teachers skip once celebrated teachable moments. They neglect valuable life lessons and have essentially become robots all in the name of passing a single test on a single day during the school year. Can Potentially Be Costly to the District School districts across the United States are already strapped for cash. Teachers on a performance-based contract receive a base salary. They receive a â€Å"bonus† for meeting specific objectives and goals. This â€Å"bonus† money can add up quickly. The Denver Public School District in Colorado was able to start ProComp thanks to voters who approved a tax increase that allowed them to fund the incentive program. It would have been impossible to fund the program without the revenue generated from the tax increase. School districts would find it exceedingly difficult to maintain the funds necessary to run a performance-based pay program without additional funding. Dilutes a Teacher’s Overall Value Most teachers offer much more than just the ability to meet learning objectives or goals. Teaching should be about more than just a test score. Ideally, teachers should be rewarded for the size of the impact they make and for making a difference in the lives of their students. Sometimes those qualities go unrecognized and unrewarded. Teachers have a powerful influence on their students, yet theyre relegated to ensuring that their students are going to pass a test. It skews the real value of a teacher when you only base the job they are doing on meeting student performance objectives.   Fails to Consider Factors Beyond a Teacher’s Control There are many factors beyond a teacher’s control that influence student performance just as much or more than any teacher will. Factors such as lack of parental involvement, poverty, and learning disabilities offer real hindrances to learning. They are nearly impossible to overcome. The reality is that teachers who sacrifice to pour into the lives of these students are often seen as bad teachers because their students do not meet the level of proficiency that their peers do. The truth is that many of these teachers are doing a far superior job than their peers who teach at an affluent school. Sometimes they fail to receive the same rewards for their hard work. Can Potentially Harm High-Risk Areas Every school is not the same. Every student is not the same. Why would a teacher want to teach in a school surrounded by poverty and have the cards stacked against them, when they can teach in an affluent school and have immediate success? A performance-based pay system would keep many of the best teachers from pursuing jobs in those high-risk areas because of nearly impossible odds to meet the performance measures needed to make it worth the while.

Beowulf Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beowulf Comparison - Essay Example Characterization entailed the poet’s imagination and the themes around those times with most poems having protagonists and antagonists. This is why the poems had aspects of heroes, battles, bravery, loyalty, feuds, meditations on fate and life including harsh aspects such as exile, monsters, as well as transience and treasure. ‘Beowulf’ is no different from Old English poems, one of them being ‘Battle of Maldon’. Both poems are written in Old English, which uses a different kind of grammar from the modern one. ‘Battle of Maldon’ is an old English poem written in Anglo-Saxon style (Bowman 91-115). The old English evolved to what is spoken in the present times and tended to be Germanic while exhibiting minimal French and Latin influence. In order to understand the poem in a deeper sense, students should be somehow familiar with Anglo-Saxon poetry rudiments. Anglo-Saxon poets used alliterative verse. This form of verse uses alliteration as the major stylistic device to join lines of poetry. This is the opposite of devices used in structuring rhymes. In alliteration, the a-verse or first half of a line is linked with the b-verse or second half via similar initial sounds. Additionally, a caesura divides the two halves. This is a pause usually represented in the form of a gap appearing on a page. The poems have reduced elements of internal rhyme but have repeated phrases, which they reused. Both ‘Battle of Maldon’ and ‘Beowulf’ are a series of stanzas, which narrate of heroic, mythical events from a Germanic past and end with the poet’s plight. The Anglo-Saxon style depicts a form known as accentual verse with four beats in each line meaning every half line has two beats. Alliteration is fulfilled in the poem through use of epithets, which is a formula of pronunciation different from the modern English. Another significant stylistic device in Beowulf is the

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Law - Essay Example ity given, suffered or undertaken by the other." Sir Fredrick Pollock’s definition of consideration is â€Å"An act or forbearance of one party, or the promise thereof, is the price for which the promise of the other is bought, and the promise thus given for value is enforceable." This was approved by Lord Dunedin in Dunlop v Selfridge Ltd ( 1915) It therefore follows that a gift is not a contract. There is no contract if there is no consideration. However consideration is required to be expressed in monetary terms. As such any discernible detriment to one of the parties could be that party’s consideration ( Duhaime) An agreement not to take a plot of land was considered a sufficient consideration(Hubbs). The law does not insist on the adequacy of consideration as it is between the parties to decide. The consideration should be reciprocal, each party offering consideration. Motive should not be confused with consideration. Our motive for contracting may be for personal reasons but it may coincide with the consideration we are giving or receiving. If the consideration is already â€Å"spent† in a prior contract, a new contract using that same consideration would be valid. "where a contractual duty already exists, it may be possible...to vary the original agreement without necessarily establishing a whole new contract with fresh consideration on both sides." In fact, refreshing a commitment to do something for a third party is consideration under common law† (Frdman G). Further the consideration should not be something or some act which is not legal or immoral or opposed to public policy. If a certain acts punishable under law then it is illegal. For example a work given to un unlicensed contractor is illegal. If the consideration is a past one, it will not make a valid contract. The court decisions on consideration suggest English law is in need of fundamental restatement with regards to Consideration. Dr Corbin and Prof Atiyah have already dealt

Organizational Performance Management System Essay Example for Free

Organizational Performance Management System Essay In the pursuit of developing most appropriate organizational performance management system, many organizational performance management systems have emerged, making it difficult to choose the best organizational performance management system. The paper reviews the published literature on organizational performance management, and discusses the shift from traditional to new performance management system framework. Also, Balance Scorecard, which is one of the most commonly used approaches in measuring organizational performance, is discussed. Finally, five most important factors in designing organizational performance management are addressed. Introduction In increasingly competitive market, it is imperative that organizations design and implement an effective organizational performance management system to gauge their competitive advantage in the market. An Organization Performance Management System includes multiple activities that help in establishing the goals of the organization, and monitor the progress towards the target. It is used to make adjustments to accomplish goals more efficiently and effectively. Organizational Performance Management System can be best understood through considering the definitions of the words performance and measurement according to the Baldrige Criteria (NIST, 2001): Performance refers to output results from processes, products and services that permit evaluation and comparison relative to goals, standards, past results, and other organizations. Performance might be expressed in non-financial and financial terms. Measurement refers to numerical information that quantifies input, output, and performance dimensions of processes, products, services, and the overall organization (outcomes). Performance measures might be simple (derived from one measurement) or composite. Underlying performance management at both the organizational and employee levels is a set of performance measures. Performance measures with respect to organizational performance are an instrument to assess progress against stated program and organizational objectives. With respect to individual performances it is to assess progress against stated performances objectives, or â€Å"results to be achieved† for individual employees or teams of employees (Good Carin, 2004). The objective of such system would be to increase the efficiency, effectiveness and performance at both organizational and employee level. The challenge for organizations today is how to match and align both organizational and individual performance measures with business strategy, structures and corporate culture, the type and number of measures to use and how to deploy the measures so that the results are used and acted upon. To address these challenges, organizations have been continually searching for an effective organizational performance management framework. Measuring organizational performance management has variety of uses. As per Vince Kellen (2003) those uses include monitoring and controlling activities, driving organizational improvement, maximizing the effectiveness of the improvement effort, achieving alignment with organizational goal and objectives, rewarding and disciplining. The Changing Role of Organizational Performance Measurement System How to create and measure organizational performance measurement system has been a persistent source of debate. Traditionally, organizational performance management system included measuring financial ratios, such as return on investments, cash flows, and cost of sales. Figure one below depicts traditional performance indicators, focused mostly on financial measures. Figure One Source: Frederico and Cavenaghi 2009 In the recent years the focus has been on measuring non-financial ratios, such as quality, customer satisfaction, safety and other stakeholders. Figure Two shows the new performance indicators, incorporating quality together with other financial indicators. Figure Two Source: Source: Frederico and Cavenaghi 2009 Furthermore, according to Shackleton (2007) financial measures prohibit the guidance and evaluation of an organization’s ability to create future value through investments in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology and innovation. Shacketon agues that the pressure for reporting on corporate performance today, has confronted the traditional managerial mindset of historical models for performance measurement, and has required them to be more innovative. Table one below illustrates the shift in the mindset and provides a comparison between traditional and more recent performance measurement systems. Table One TraditionalInnovative Based on cost/ efficiencyValue-based Performance orientedPerformance compatibility oriented Profit –orientedCustomer-oriented Short-term orientedLong-term oriented Prevalence of individual measuresPrevalence of team measures Prevalence of functional measuresPrevalence of transversal measures Comparison with standardImproving monitoring Aim at evaluatingAim at evaluating and involving Source: Shackleton, 2007 From the table it can be concluded that organizational performance management systems are moving towards relationship-oriented understanding of the whole organization progress. It is clear that financial indicators are not ignored, but treated as one piece of the puzzle in a more complex set of criteria’s in measuring organizational performance. Organizational Performance Measurement Approaches: Balance Scorecard Several approaches for measuring and managing organizational performance management system have evolved over time, including Balance Scorecard, Benchmarking, Business Process Reengineering, Continuous Improvement, ISO9000, Total Quality Management, Stakeholder Approach, and Performance Prism Approach amongst others. There is no single framework or model that will ensure success in implementing an organizational performance management system. Exploring all the approaches is beyond the scope of this review, hence Balance Scorecard is review at length since it most commonly used for measuring organizational performance. Balance Scorecard was developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton in 1992. It was developed to remedy the weak and vague performance management strategies developed earlier that mostly concentrated on financial indicators.

Kurt Vonnegut :: Writers Authors Literature Essays

Kurt Vonnegut Coming from a German background, the first thing I thought of was the name of a writer that had written one of my favorite books. I went onto the internet to try to find out if he had in fact come from the same origin as my family. This was tough at first because the only thing it revealed was that Kurt Vonnegut was born in Indiana on November 11, 1922 (Grolier Incorporated). After looking to find out where his great-grandfather came from, it revealed that Clemens Vonnegut Sr. emigrated from Germany in 1848 (Shaping the Circle). I picked writing about this writer because he has written one of the most interesting books in my mind, Slaughterhouse-Five which I will use as my topic. In the book many different adventures take place that makes this novel have a different feel. The adventures that take place happen for a multitude of reasons. It gives this book a twist in a way that you seem to have an outside view of what is going on in the plot. Billy's memories and his stream of consciousness are used to give sensory impressions of his actions and thoughts by his time travel, as well as also provide other details in his life and World War II (Schatt 89). Billy encounters a sleep-like state when he becomes â€Å"unstuck in time (Vonnegut 29)† and this occurs for different reasons. One of the major reasons for Billy to become â€Å"unstuck in time† is the atrocities of the Holocaust, together with the firebombing of Dresden, make for such painful memories. â€Å"Because of the shock of this event, Billy becomes a perpetual prisoner of war, returning again and again in his mind to this scene (â€Å"Slaughterhouse-Five, or the Children's Crusade†).† Within the book, Dresden seems to be the center of all the major action taking place. It is no wonder almost all Billy's thoughts is his remembrance of his wartime encounters during his captivation as a prisoner. Kurt Vonnegut then has Billy put into the sleep-like state in which he only remembers pieces at a time to put his mind more at ease. This method makes the story rather confusing, but puts what is going on more into perspective. It shows how a man th at experienced such a catastrophe might have to deal with what he went through by his thoughts (Schatt 88-89). Kurt Vonnegut :: Writers Authors Literature Essays Kurt Vonnegut Coming from a German background, the first thing I thought of was the name of a writer that had written one of my favorite books. I went onto the internet to try to find out if he had in fact come from the same origin as my family. This was tough at first because the only thing it revealed was that Kurt Vonnegut was born in Indiana on November 11, 1922 (Grolier Incorporated). After looking to find out where his great-grandfather came from, it revealed that Clemens Vonnegut Sr. emigrated from Germany in 1848 (Shaping the Circle). I picked writing about this writer because he has written one of the most interesting books in my mind, Slaughterhouse-Five which I will use as my topic. In the book many different adventures take place that makes this novel have a different feel. The adventures that take place happen for a multitude of reasons. It gives this book a twist in a way that you seem to have an outside view of what is going on in the plot. Billy's memories and his stream of consciousness are used to give sensory impressions of his actions and thoughts by his time travel, as well as also provide other details in his life and World War II (Schatt 89). Billy encounters a sleep-like state when he becomes â€Å"unstuck in time (Vonnegut 29)† and this occurs for different reasons. One of the major reasons for Billy to become â€Å"unstuck in time† is the atrocities of the Holocaust, together with the firebombing of Dresden, make for such painful memories. â€Å"Because of the shock of this event, Billy becomes a perpetual prisoner of war, returning again and again in his mind to this scene (â€Å"Slaughterhouse-Five, or the Children's Crusade†).† Within the book, Dresden seems to be the center of all the major action taking place. It is no wonder almost all Billy's thoughts is his remembrance of his wartime encounters during his captivation as a prisoner. Kurt Vonnegut then has Billy put into the sleep-like state in which he only remembers pieces at a time to put his mind more at ease. This method makes the story rather confusing, but puts what is going on more into perspective. It shows how a man th at experienced such a catastrophe might have to deal with what he went through by his thoughts (Schatt 88-89).

Changing Self Essay Essay

How do composers use texts to explore concepts of Changing Self? Discuss ideas and techniques. In Gwen Harwood’s poems Prize-Giving and The Glass Jar, the prescribed text Sky-High, and the novel White Teeth by Zadie Smith, the composer have used many varying ideas and techniques to investigate and illustrate concepts of Changing Self effectively. The ideas looked at in Gwen Harwood’s poetry include imagery, retrospect, metaphor, and inversion of the connotation of adjectives. Ideas conveyed in Sky-High include imagery, retrospect, and comparison. The techniques and ideas in White Teeth, to name the most important, are long and erratic chronology, removing characters for a period and the exposing of the least important change are evident in the texts that are compared. In Gwen Harwood’s poem Prize-Giving, the composer has adeptly used imagery to examine and represent the Changing Self evident in this poem. This striking imagery at first portrays an egotistical middle aged man, such as his inurbane behaviour when he â€Å"scowled with violent distaste†. This works in revealing the major change of Eisenbart, in comparing the self-righteous man at the start of the poem, to the awkward and confused man at the end. The imagery used to describe the titian haired girl is also evocative, especially when comparing her supposed insignificance in contrast to Eisenbart, and the affect she has on him. She seems to be nothing but a cheeky, though attractive, schoolgirl: â€Å"one girl sat grinning.† This thought of her insignificance is reinforced when she â€Å"winked at nearby friends†, possibly reinforcing to Eisenbart her immaturity that was earlier established through her audacious behaviour during the opening prayer. However, Eisenbart was flung from his â€Å"calm age and power† merely by a touch of this ‘immature schoolgirl’, indicating a change. This change in the girl’s attitude is reinforced when she changed â€Å"her casual schoolgirl’s for a master’s air†, indicating the power that she has that Eisenbart has not detected thus far. In the text Sky-High by Hannah Robert, the concept of Changing Self is analysed and emphasized through retrospect, apt imagery, and change of language. â€Å"The best climbing tree† indicates the experiences of a child and their joy in everything no matter how small. However, the responsibility in the statement â€Å"it is unlikely the washing line could support me† divulges that the persona is now more responsible, and, it is discovered, also older, revealing a physical change of self. The comparisons in the final stanza show the insight that the persona now has; as seen in â€Å"I was once the curious onlooker, I now write my own semaphore secrets in colourful t-shirts†. It also shows, however, that no matter how much a person changes, that he or she is still the same person, and that they still retain what they were before. The metaphors used in The Glass Jar, and the way in which they are developed and often exaggerated, shows and typifies the change of self that is experienced by the persona, so that greater audiences may understand the experiences of a small child. Only a small child could imagine an ordinary glass jar as a â€Å"monstrance† in which the sun could be caught for the night. This vision of the â€Å"holy commonplace of field and flower† coming to save the boy is lost when he awakes from his nightmares. The religious metaphor is now lost except for the mocking image of the â€Å"resurrected sun† in the final stanza. The inversion of the usual use of adjectives shows the confusion associated with the change of self for the persona, such as the â€Å"malignant ballet†. The novel White Teeth, by Zadie Smith, develops the concept of Changing Self with a long and somewhat inconsistent chronology. All the characters in this novel, which reaches from World War Two to the end of the century, obviously change physically due to this long chronology. However, the retrospect as to how much the characters have changed in other ways is far more potent because of the extensive chronology. The comparison, for example, Josh Chalfen turning away from his family and becoming less of a nerd: he was the kind of guy â€Å"who could measure an eighth with his eyes closed (so fuck you, Millat)†. The original focus of the book on Archie Jones beguiles the reader into thinking that he is the main focus for the book. However, Archie serves  merely as a connection between all the original characters. From these characters the Jones, Iqbal, Chalfen and Bowden families and their stories emerge, and all the adults, in the end, only accentuate the changes that the children (Irie, Millat, Magid, and Josh) undergo, that is, comparing where the children have ended up to what their parents expected of them. The later and extended focus of the novel on Millat Iqbal, who changes in the most radical way out of all the characters, hides the slow and, in the sense that Millat changes, insignificant changes of Irie Jones, but her changes are more symbolic and emotional. The removal of Magid from the story means that his change of self seems sudden, because the persona is taken away at the age of nine years and only returned at the age of seventeen. In the texts Prize-Giving and The Glass Jar by Gwen Harwood, Sky-High by Hannah Robert, and White Teeth by Zadie Smith, ideas and techniques are flaunted in terms of how they are used to display the change of self in the personas. The numerous ideas used in each of the texts, often overlapping to be used in more than one text show the skill of the composers and their flexibility in applying various techniques.

Negotiable Instrument Act 1881

The Negotiable Instrument Act 1881 Compiled By Neelakshi Jaidka OBJECTIVES After reading this lesson, you should be able to- †¢ Understand meaning, essential characteristics and types of negotiable instruments; †¢ Describe the meaning and marketing of cheques, crossing of cheques and cancellation of crossing of a cheque; †¢ Explain capacity and liability parties to a negotiable instruments; and †¢ Understand various provisions of negotiable instrument Act, 1881 regarding negotiation, assignment, endorsement, acceptance, etc. of negotiable instruments.INTRODUCTION * The Negotiable Instruments Bill was passed by the Council and received assent on December 9, 1881. The Act came into force from March 1, 1882. * Prior to its enactment, the provision of the English Negotiable Instrument were applicable in India, * It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. * The Act operates subject to the provisions of Sections 31 and 32 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 * Premable â€Å"An Act to define and Law relating to Promissory Notes, Bills of Exchange and cheques† MEANING: – negotiable instrument means an instrument the property in which is acquired by any one who takes it bonafide and for the value notwithstanding any defect in the title of the prior party . DEFINITION [SEC 13] A negotiable instrument means – A promissory note; or – Bill of exchange; or – Cheque – Payable either to order or Bearer. CHARACTERISTICS OF NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT {SEC 13} 1 Freely transferable from one person to another person. 2 The holder in due course obtains good title of the instrument notwithstanding any defect in the previous holder. 3 HDC of a negotiable instrument can sue on the instrument in his own name. Transferable infinite times till its maturity. PRESUMPTIONS AS TO NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT {sec 118} 1. CONSIDERATION:-Every negotiable instrument was made, accepted, endorsed or drawn for consid eration 2. DATE: – every negotiable instrument bearing a date was made or drawn on that date. 3. Time of acceptance: – every bill of exchange was accepted within a reasonable time after the date mentioned on it but before of its maturity. 4. Time of transfer:- every transfer of negotiable instrument was made before its maturity. 5. STAMP:-lost promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque was duly stamped. 6.HDC: – that the holder of N/I is a HDC . PROMISSORY NOTE {SEC. 4} Definition: – A ‘Promissory note’ is an instrument in writing (Not being a bank- note or a currency note) containing an Unconditional undertaking signed by the maker to pay a Certain sum of money only to a certain person; or the Order of a certain person. Essentials Characteristics of a Promissory Note 1. Writing: – Promissory note must be in writing. Writing includes print and typewriting. Oral promise can not Constitute a valid promissory note. Generally consideratio n, Place and date of making need not be mentioned on the promissory note. . Promise to pay:- (a) A Promissory note must contain an undertaking Promise to pay. (b) Mere acknowledgment of debt is not sufficient.  ©Use of word â€Å"promise’’ is not mandatory, but the maker should bind himself to pay. EX. :- â€Å"I have received a sum of Rs. 5,000 from Sohan. This amount will be repaid on demand’’. 3. Unconditional promise:- (a) The undertaking/ promise to pay should be unconditional and definite. (b)Unconditional event means an event which is certain to happen but the time of its occurrence is uncertain. Examples:- â€Å"I promise to pay B Rs. 00, seven days after may marriage with C’’ cannot constitute a promissory note because a condition as to marriage is attached. A writes – â€Å"I promise to pay C Rs. 25,000, 7days after the death of B’’. This is a valid promissory note and is not conditional, since only the t ime of death of B is uncertain, but is sure to happen. 4. Signed by the maker:-Promissory note should be signed by the maker himself. Where it is written and the name of the maker appears in the instrument, but is not signed, it shall not constitute a valid promissory note. 5. Payee to be a certain person: – Promissory note should specify the payee in clear terms i. . by name, son of, and resident of, etc. The payment can also be identified by description. 6. Certain some of money:- Sum payable must be certain or capable of being made certain. The sum shall be deemed to be certain when the rate of interest is specified. Money may be payable in installments is also a valid promissory note. Examples:- â€Å"I promise to pay Balu, Rs. 10,000, and all other sums which shall be due’’ is not valid since the sum is not certain. 7. Payment of Money only:- There must be a promise to pay only money and not other consideration, e. g. â€Å"I promise to pay B a sum of Rs. 0,000 and deliver him my Scorpio Car’’ is not valid. 8. Duly stamped and dated:- Stamps of requisite amount and description must be affixed on the instrument and duly cancelled either before or at the time of its execution. If the promissory note is not dated, it is presumed to have been made on the date of its delivery. Bill of exchange {Sec. 5} Definition: – A ‘bill of exchange’ is an instrument in Writing containing an unconditional order, singed by the maker, directing a certain person to pay a certain a sum of money only to, a certain person; or the order of a certain person; or the bearer of the instrument.Essentials Characteristics of a Bill of Exchange (a)It must be in writing (b)It must contain n expresses order to pay (c)The order to pay must be definite and unconditional (d) It must be signed by the drawer (e)The sum contained in the order must be certain (f)The order must be to pay money only (g)Drawer, drawee and payee must be certain (usually, same person is the drawer and payee) (h)It must be stamped. Parties to a Bill of Exchange Drawer:- The person who draws the bill (i. e. , the person who makes the bill) is called a drawer. His liability is secondary and conditional.His liability is primary and conditional until the bill is accepted. Drawee:- 1. The person on whom the bill is drawn is called as drawee. 2. On acceptance of the bill- He is called as Acceptor, he becomes liable for the payment of the Bill; his liability is primary and unconditional. Payee: – The person to whom money is to be paid is named in the bill. He is called as payee. Cheque {Sec. 6} Definition:- cheque is a bill of exchange, drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand. It includes, the electronic image of a truncated cheque; and a cheque in the electronic form.Essentials characteristics of a cheque:- (a)The definition starts with the â€Å"cheque is a bill of exchange† so it must sa tisfy all the essential features of a valid bill of exchange. (b)It is always drawn on a specified banker. Banker includes any person acting as a banker and any post office saving bank [Sec. 3]. (c)It is always payable on demand and not otherwise. (d) other point * It is drawn on a banker * there are three parties – the drawer, the drawee, and the payee. * It is seldom drawn in sets * It does not require acceptance by the drawee. Days of grace are not allowed to a banker * No stamp duty is payable on checks * It is usually drawn on the printed format Form of cheque: – A cheque may be drawn in 3 forms:- (1. )Bearer cheque: – Expressed to be payable to bearer or the last endorsement is an endorsement in blank. (2. )Crossed cheque: – Cheque that can be collected only through a banker. Promissory Note| Bill of Exchange| * It is promise to pay| * It is anorder to pay| * There are only two parties the drawer, and the payee. | * There are three parties, the draw er, the drawee, and the payee. * There is no necessity of acceptance| * It must be accepted| * The maker is primarily liable| * The drawer is not primarily liable. | * It is never drawn in sets| * Foreign bills are specially drawn in sets. | * Protesting is not necessary after dishonour| * A foreign bill must be protested upon dishonor. | SOME MORE TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS Bearer Instrument [Sec. 13]:- An instrument which is expressed to be payable to bearer or an instrument on which the last endorsement is in blank. Promissory note can not be made payable to bearer.Bill of exchange- can not be made payable to bearer on demand. Order Instrument:- An instrument payable to a specified person or his order. Order instrument can be transferred by endorsement and delivery. Based on location:- Inland Instrument:- A negotiable instrument is an inland instrument if, it is drawn or made in India; It is payable in India or is drawn on a person resident in India. An inland instrument remains inland even if it has been endorsed to a foreign country. Foreign Instrument [Sec. 12]:-A negotiable instrument which is not an inland instrument is called as foreign instrument.Based on payment:- Demand Instrument:- An instrument which is expressed to be payable on demand. An instrument on which time for payment (i. e. maturity date) is not specified. Time Instrument:- An instrument in which time for payment(i. e. maturity date) is specified. A time instrument may be payable- on a specific day; or after a specified period; or certain period after sight; or on happening of an even which is certain to happen. Incomplete / Inchoate Instrument {Sec. 20} Conditions for an inchoate instrument:- (a)A person signs a negotiable instrument. (b)The negotiable instrument is stamped c)The negotiable instrument is either wholly blank or is partially blank. (d)The person signing such negotiable instrument delivers it to another person. Legal effect:- The holder gets a prima facie authority to make or c omplete the negotiable instrument. Liability on an inchoate instrument:- Rights of a person to whom an inchoate instrument is delivered – He can recover only such amount as he was authorized to fill. Rights of holder in due course – He can recover the whole amount stated in the instrument, but not exceeding the amount covered by the stamps. Accommodation Bills {sec. 43}An accommodation bill means a bill which is drawn, accepted without consideration Provision relating to such bills: – ( a) The accommodated party cannot, after he has paid the amount of the bill, recover the amount from any person who become a party to the bill for his accommodation. ( b) The person who become the holder of such a bill in good faith and for consideration, after maturity, may recover the amount from any prior party. Meaning of crossing:- Crossing means a direction given By the drawer of the cheque to the drawee bank, not To pay the cheque at the counter of the bank. The Payment can be collected only though a banker.Types of crossing {Sec. 123 to 131 A} Nature of crossing| Requirements| Effects| Format| General crossing| The cheque must contain two parallel Transverse lines| The cheque must be paid only to a banker| | Special crossing| The cheque must contain the name of a banker. Special crossing may be made only once| Cheque must be paid only to the banker to whom it is crossed. Special crossing can not be converted into general crossing. | | Not negotiable crossing| The cheque must contain the words ‘not negotiable’. The cheque must be crossed generally or specially| The cheque nevertheless remains negotiable.The title of the transferee shall not be better than the title of the transferor. | | A/c payee crossing, i. e. restrictive crossing| The cheque must contain the words ‘A/c payee’ or ‘A/c payee only’. The cheque must be crossed Generally or specially| The cheque does not remain negotiable anymore. Based on transfe r procedure| | Maturity of a Negotiable Instrument {Sec. 22} Meaning:- It means the date on which the negotiable instrument falls due for payment. Days of grace:- A negotiable instrument which is payable otherwise than on demand is entitled to 3 days of grace. Calculation of days of maturity {Sec. 3 to 25} CASE| DATE OF MATURITY| Negotiable instrument payable on a specified day. | Specified day + 3rd day| Negotiable instrument payable on a stated number of days after date| Date on which negotiable instrument is Drawn + stated number of days + 3rd day| Negotiable instrument payable on a stated number of days after sight| Date on which negotiable instrument is presented for sight + stated number of days + 3rd day| Negotiable instrument payable on a stated number of days after happening of a certain event| Date on which such event happens + stated number of days + 3rd day. Negotiable instrument payable on stated number of month after date. | Corresponding day of the relevant month (i. e. , date on which negotiable instrument is drawn + stated number of month) + 3rd day| Negotiable instrument payable on stated number of month after sight| Corresponding day of the relevant month (i. e. , Date on which negotiable instrument is presented for sight + stated number of months) + 3rd day. | Negotiable Instrument payable on stated number of months after happening of a certain event| Corresponding day of the relevant month (i. . , Date on which such event happens + stated number of months) + 3rd day| If the day of maturity of negotiable instrument is a public holiday| Immediately preceding business day| If the day of maturity of negotiable instrument is an emergency or unforeseen public holiday| Immediately succeeding business day| Note: – If in the relevant month, there is no corresponding day, the last day of such month shall be taken. HOLDER {Sec. 8}A holder of a negotiable instrument is a person entitled in his own name to the possession there of and to receive or recover the amount due an negotiable instrument from the parties liable on negotiable instrument. HOLDER IN DUE COURSE {Sec. 9} A ‘holder in due course’ is a person who- *must be a holder. *must have become the holder for consideration. *must have obtained the possession of negotiable instrument before maturity. *must have obtained the negotiable instrument in good faith. PRIVILEGES OF A HOLDER IN DUE COURSE * Every prior party to a negotiable instrument is liable to a HDC. A holder who derives title from HDC has the same right as that of a HDC. * No prior party can set up a defence that the negotiable instrument was drawn, made or endorsed by him without any consideration. * No prior party can set up a defence that the negotiable instrument was lost or was obtained from him by offence or fraud or for an unlawful consideration. Thus, HDC gets a valid title to the negotiable instrument even though the title of the transferor was defective. * No prior party can allege that negotiable instrument was delivered conditionally or for a special purpose only. HDC can claim full amount of the negotiable instrument (but not exceeding the amount covered by the stamp) even though such amount is in excess of the amount authorized by the person delivering an inchoate negotiable instrument. Difference between holder and HDC BASIS | HOLDER| HDC| Consideration| A person becomes a holder even if he obtains the negotiable instrument without any consideration. | A person becomes HDC only if he obtains the negotiable instrument for consideration. | Before maturity| A person becomes a holder even if he obtains the negotiable instrument after the maturity of the negotiable instrument. A person becomes HDC only if he obtains the negotiable instrument before its maturity. | Good Faith| A person becomes the holder, even if he does not obtain the negotiable instrument in good faith. | HDC, a person who obtain the negotiable instrument on good faith. | Privileges| A holder is not entitled to the privileges, which are available for HDC. | A HDC is entitled to various privileges as specified under the negotiable instrument act, 1881. | Right to use | A holder can not sue all the prior parties. | A HDC can sue all the prior parties. | Negotiation {sec 14}Meaning: – Negotiation means transfer of a negotiable instrument to any other person so as to constitute that person the holder of such negotiable instrument. Methods of negotiation: – *Negotiation by delivery – 1. A bearer instrument may be negotiated by delivery. 2. The delivery must be voluntary *Negotiation by endorsement and delivery An order instrument can be negotiated only by way of 1. Endorsement; and 2. Delivery. Endorsement {sec 15} When the maker or holder of a negotiable instrument signs the same *otherwise than as such maker *for the purpose of negotiation on the back or face thereof or on a slip of paper annexed thereto, *or so sign for the same purpose a stamped pape r intended to be completed as a negotiable instrument *he is said to endorse the same, and is called the ‘Endorse’. The person in whose favour the endorsement made is called ‘Endorsee’. EFFECT OF ENDORSEMENT The endorsement of an instrument, followed by delivery, transfers to the endorsee the property in the instrument with right of further negotiation. TYPES OF ENDORSEMENT 1. Endorsement in blank *Endorsement in blank means an endorsement made by the endorser without writing the name of the endorsement. The instrument is payable to bearer even though originally payable to order. 2. Endorsement in full Special endorsement means an endorsement made by a holder by- (a)Signing his name; and (b)Added a direction to pay the amount to a specified person. 3. Restrictive endorsement *An endorsement which restricts the right of further negotiation is called as restrictive endorsement. 4. Partial endorsement *An endorsement which purports to transfer only a part of t he amount of the instrument is called as partial endorsement. Partial endorsement is not valid at law. . Conditional endorsement An endorser may, by express words in the endorsement- (a)Make his liability, or (b)Make the right of endorsee to receive the amount Depend upon the happening of a certain event, although such event may never happen. ACCEPTANCE {Sec. 7 and 86} Meaning of acceptance (sec. 7)| (a) The drawee signs the bill; and (b) The drawee delivers it to the holder of the bill; or the drawee gives notice of acceptance to the holder of the bill. | Effect (sec. 7)| The drawee becomes the acceptor. | Essential of a valid acceptance (sec. )| (a) Written (whether on the face or back of the bill) (b) Signed (signature without the word ‘accepted’ is also valid) (c) Signing on the bill (d) Delivery or intimation to the holder that the has been accepted. | Types of acceptance (sec. 86)| (a) General- Acceptance of bill without any qualification. (b) Qualified- Acceptanc e of bill subject to some qualification (e. g. , accepting the bill subject to the condition that the payment of bill shall be made only on happening of an event specified there in. | Effect of qualified acceptance (sec. 6)| (a) The holder may object to the qualified acceptance. In such a case, it shall be treated that the bill is dishonoured due to non- acceptance. (b) He may give his consent to the qualified acceptance. In such a case, all the previous parties, not consenting to it, are discharged. | PAYMENT IN DUE COURSE 1. Payment is made as per apparent tenor 2. Payment is made in good faith 3. Payment is made without negligence 4. Payment is made in money only. MATERIAL ALTERATION Meaning:- An alteration is called as material alteration if it alters- *the character or operation (i. e. he legal effect) of a negotiable instrument, or *the rights and liabilities of the parties to a negotiable instrument. What is material alteration? | What is NOT Material Alteration? | Alteration regarding-(a)Date,(b)Time of payment,(c)Place of payment,(d)Sum payable(e)Opening a crossed cheque,(f)Relationship between parties,(g)Converting an order cheque into a bearer cheque. | (a)Filling blank of the instrument,(b)Conversion of blank endorsement into endorsement in full,(c)Crossing of Cheque,(d)Conversion a General Crossing into Special Crossing, like addition of word â€Å"A/c payee† or â€Å"Not Negotiable†. e)Cancelling the word bearer and making cheque payable to order. (f)Alternation made with the consent of the parties. | Effect of a material alteration {sec. 87} *Any material alteration of a negotiable instrument renders the same void as against any One who is a party there at the time of making such alteration and does not consent thereto. *But, a material alteration is valid, if it was made so as to carry out common intention of the original parties. Negotiation Back {Sec. 90} MeaningWhen an endorser, after he has negotiated an instrument, again beco mes a holder before its maturity, the instrument is said to be negotiated back to that holder. Effect:- 1. In a negotiation back, none of the intermediate holder / endorsers is liable to the holder. 2. The general rule, that a holder in due course may sue all prior parties to the instrument does not apply. 3. However, where a prior party has excluded its liability on the instrument and the negotiable instrument is negotiated back to him, he may sue all intermediate endorsers. DISCHARGE OF A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT Payment in due course:- A negotiable instrument is discharged if the party primarily liable on the negotiable instrument makes the payment in due course. *When the payment is made, the negotiable instrument must be cancelled or the fact of payment must be recorded negotiable instrument. Cancellation:- Where the holder cancels the name of the party primarily liable on the negotiable instrument, with intent to discharge him, the negotiable instrument is discharged. Release:- W here the holder releases or renounces his right against the party primarily liable on the negotiable instrument, the negotiable instrument is discharge.Negotiation back:- Where a party primarily liable on a negotiable instrument becomes the holders of the negotiable instrument, the negotiable is discharged. DISCHAGE OF A PARTY {Sec. 82 to 90} Payment:- Payment by a party who is secondarily liable on a negotiable instrument discharges the holder and all parties subsequent to the party making payment of the negotiable instrument. Cancellation:- Where the holder cancels the name of any party liable on the negotiable instrument (other than the party primarily liable on the negotiable instrument), such a party and all parties subsequent to him are discharged.Release:- Where the holder releases any party liable negotiable instrument (other than the party primarily liable on the negotiable instrument), such a party and all parties subsequent to him are discharged. Allowing drawee more than 48 hours to accept:- All prior parties not consenting to the same are discharged from liability to such holder. Qualified acceptance:- Where a holder of the bill consents to qualified acceptance, all the prior parties who did not consent to qualified acceptance are discharge. Material alteration:- Every party not consenting to a material alteration negotiable instrument is discharged.Negotiation back:- Where a party already liable on the negotiable instrument becomes the holder of negotiable instrument, such a party and all intermediate parties to whom such a party was previously liable shall be discharge. Operation of law:- *A party is discharged if the negotiable instrument becomes time barred. *A party is discharged if he is declared as an insolvent by the court. Dishonour by Non- Acceptance {sec. 91} A bill is dishonoured by non- acceptance if it is duty presented for acceptance, but the drawee refuses to accept the bill.Cases in which bill are dishonoured by non- acceptance:- (a) When the drawee makes default in acceptance upon being duly required to accept the bill. (b) In case there is two or more drawee who are not partners, if the bills is not accepted by all the drawee. (c) Where the drawee is a fictitious person. (d) When the drawee can not be found even after a reasonable search. (e) When the drawee is incompetent to contract. (f) Where the drawee gives a conditional acceptance and the holder does not give his consent to the conditional acceptance.Effect:- *The holder gets an immediate right to sue all the prior parties. *He need not wait till the maturity of the bill for it to be dishonoured on presentment for payment. Dishonour by Non- Payment {sec. 92} A negotiable instrument is dishonoured by non- payment, when presentment for payment is excused and the instrument remain unpaid after maturity- In case of| Default in payment made by| Promissory note| Maker of the note| Bill of Exchange| Acceptor of the bill. | Cheque| Drawee of the Cheque. |

The best references to give on a job application

The best references to give on a job application Your job references aren’t just warm bodies who can verify that you’re â€Å"the best employee ever, and a totally great fit for [insert job here].† If done thoughtfully, your references can help you create a specific â€Å"hire me because I have these skills† narrative, or support the one you’ve set up in your cover letter, resume, and interview. The groundwork for these references should be done ahead of time, before you even think about applying for a job. That way, they’re ready to go when you need them- and won’t be taken by surprise when someone calls them for a reference. So who should be included on your list of professional references?Your current bossThis is complicated if you’re looking for jobs on the down-low, but if it’s an open concept that you’re leaving your current job and looking for a new one, your current manager is the best bet. He or she knows you as you are right now and can speak to recent accomplishments. Before you offer up your current boss, though, it’s important to know roughly what they’ll say. If there are any concerns or uneasiness about that, then leave them off the list.Your current colleaguesThis can be a great alternative if you don’t want your current boss to know you’re actively seeking another job. A trusted colleague (one who can keep a secret) who works closely with you can be an excellent reference to have, since they know you in a day-to-day professional capacity. Ask him or her to talk about specific projects and what you’re like as a team member.Your former supervisorAn old boss can be useful because they can give the hiring manager a sense of what you’re like as an employee, but the risk here is that their professional information about you may be a little out of date. And as with referring your current boss, it’s important to know roughly what they’re going to say. If you think they might w ant to talk about some of your less-than-stellar moments, then think twice about including them.Your teachers or advisorsThis isn’t all that helpful if you’ve been in the workforce for a while, but if you’re a recent grad or just starting out, professors or advisors can tell the company about your skills and personality.Once you’ve decided who your go-to references are for this job application, be sure to give them a heads-up that they may be contacted. Also give them information about the job itself and what you’re hoping they’ll emphasize in their chat with the new company. There’s only so much you can stage-manage what this person will say, but giving them a template of sorts helps them prepare and find the most useful information to share about you. It takes some of the onus off of them to figure out what they’re supposed to talk about.It’s also important to make sure your references are targeted to the job you want. If you’re applying for a marketing job, your old boss at your summer restaurant job might not be the most useful person to help you get this new gig. The more thought and preparation you put into your reference list, the better and more focused information they’ll be able to provide.

60 Easy Oxymoron Examples + Analysis

60 Easy Oxymoron Examples + Analysis SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Despite what it might sound like, no- an oxymoron isn’t something you can call your little brother when he’s bugging you.Rather, an oxymoron is a coolliterary device you can use in your creative writing. We’ll go over exactly what an oxymoron isand then show you four oxymoron examples from pop culture and literature. We’ll also provide you with an extensive list of oxymoronsso you can get a better feel for what oxymorons look and sound like. What Is an Oxymoron? An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two seemingly contradictory or opposite ideas to create a certain rhetorical or poetic effect and reveal a deeper truth. Generally, the ideas will come astwo separate words placed side by side. The most common type of oxymoron is an adjective followed by a noun. One oxymoron example is "deafening silence," which describes a silence that is so overpowering it almost feels deafening, or extremely loud- just as an actual sound would. Oxymorons are often used in everyday conversation and ina breadth of writing, such as literature, poetry, and songwriting. You might’ve heard of another literary device called the paradox, which is similar but not identical to the oxymoron. While an oxymoron is the combination of two contradictory/opposite words in a single sentence, a paradox is an entire phrase/sentence that appears contradictory but, upon further investigation, could be true or plausible. One of the most famous examples of a paradox is thesentence, "This statement is false." If this statement is indeed false as it says, then this would actually make it true. But if the statement is true, then it can’t be false, despite the fact it claims to be! Now, don't let your brain start to hurt just yet- up next, we take a look at oxymoron examples in sentences from literature and pop culture. 4 Oxymoron Examples + Analysis Now that we’ve gone over what an oxymoron is, let’s take a closer look at four famous oxymoron examples in sentences to better understand how this literary device actually works. Note: All bold emphasis in the following quotations is my own. Oxymoron Example 1 Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrowThat I shall say good night till it be morrow. - William Shakespeare,Romeo and Juliet This famous quotation from Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet contains an equally famous oxymoron. In this scene, Juliet utters the phrase "sweet sorrow" to describe the feeling she has when having to say goodbye to Romeo. Althoughthe adjective "sweet" evokes a giddy, romantic emotion, the word "sorrow" callsto mind the much less happy, far more depressing aspect of having tobid farewell to someone you'd rather not leave. Thus, as the oxymoron suggests, this scene ishappy since Juliet and Romeo are in love, yet it's also sad because they must say goodbyeand cannot stay together through the night. Oxymoron Example 2 I have passed with a nod of the headOr polite meaningless words,Or have lingered awhile and saidPolite meaningless words,And thought before I had doneOf a mocking tale or a gibeTo please a companionAround the fire at the club,Being certain that they and IBut lived where motley is worn:All changed, changed utterly:A terrible beauty is born. - William Butler Yeats, "Easter 1916" This excerpt from Irish poet William Butler Yeats’ famous poem "Easter 1916" has the prominent oxymoron "terrible beauty," which is repeated again at the end of the poem. The main topic of this poem is the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin, an event during whichnumerous Irish nationalists rebelled against the British government in Ireland. The violent display ultimately led to thousands of deaths and injuries. Despite the "terrible" things that happened and the many lives lost, Yeats uses the term "beauty" to bring attention to the positive ideals of independence that gained ground as a result of this event:thisdesire for self-government is what spurred the Irish War of Independence just a few years later. In this sense, theuprising was simultaneously terrible (in that it led to death) and beautiful (in its romantic aspirations for independence). This next oxymoron example is about Queen Guinevere and Sir Lancelot's tragic love affair. Oxymoron Example 3 And peradventure had he seen her firstShe might have made this and that other worldAnother world for the sick man; but nowThe shackles of an old love straitened him,His honour rooted in dishonour stood,And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true. - Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "Lancelot and Elaine" inIdylls of the King This stanza, from Lord Tennyson’s retelling of the tale of King Arthur, usesseveral oxymorons for poetic effect and as a way to emphasize the conundrum that Lancelot, Arthur’s most loyal knight and friend, finds himself in. Theoxymorons here point toLancelot's contradictory existence in regard to his relationships with both Guinevere and King Arthur: Lancelot isa "faithful" and "honorable" lover to Guinevere yet also an "unfaithful" and "dishonorable" knight to King Arthur, Guinevere’s husband, whom he is essentially betraying by carrying out a love affair with the queen. Oxymoron Example 4 'Cause all of meLoves all of youLove your curves and all your edgesAll your perfect imperfectionsGive your all to meI'll give my all to youYou're my end and my beginningEven when I lose I'm winning - John Legend, "All of Me" These lines come from the hit 2013 song "All of Me" recorded by John Legend. The lyrics of this powerful piano ballad make use of several oxymorons. With the first oxymoron,"perfect imperfections," the speaker is making it clear that his lover’s flaws are ultimately what make her the perfect partner for him.The other two oxymorons emphasize the fact that no matter what happens- for example,no matter how sad or defeated the speaker might feel- there willalways be a silver lining in that he'swith the love of his life. List of 50+ Oxymorons You Can Use Below, we provide you with an extensive list of oxymorons. These 50+ oxymoron examples are listed alphabetically and arranged by category (i.e., the type of oxymoron word combination). Feel free to look throughthis vast list of oxymoron examplesif you’re in need of an oxymoron for something you're writing or if you simply want tolearn some of the most commonones. Single-Word Compound-Word Oxymorons Bittersweet Frenemy (friend + enemy) Love-hate Adjective + Noun Bigger/larger half Controlled chaos Crash landing Cruel kindness Deafening silence Definite possibility Deliberate mistake Even odds Exact estimate Fine mess Foolish wisdom Friendly fire Friendly foe Hateful love Heavy lightness Honest thief Living dead Loud whisper Loving hate Old news Open secret Organized chaos Original copy Peaceful war Perfect imperfections Random order Same difference Silent scream Sweet misery Sweet sorrow Terrible beauty True lies True myth Unbiased opinion Virtuous lie Wakeful sleep Walking dead Working holiday/vacation Adverb + Adjective/Adverb Alone together Awfully good Definitely undecided Falsely true Painfully beautiful Perfectly imperfect Seriously funny Strangely familiar Strangely normal Terribly good Truly false Miscellaneous Act naturally Agree to disagree Kill with kindness Make haste slowly What’s Next? Want to learn more about figures of speech, besides oxymorons and paradoxes? Then check out our in-depth guide to the 31 literary devices you must know. Oxymorons are an excellent, thought-provoking tool to use in writing, but they're certainly not the only device you should work with. Learn all about effective imageryandwhat personification is with our expert guides. Preparing totake the AP Literature test?Thenyou'll need to knowwhat to expect on exam day, including what kinds of questions you'll be asked and how much time you'll have.